Phytochromes are widely expressed across many tissues and developmental stages. They regulate the germination of seeds (photoblasty), the synthesis of chlorophyll, the elongation of seedlings, the size, shape and number and movement of leaves and the timing of flowering in adult plants. Phytochromes control many aspects of plant development. All of these factors contribute to the plant's ability to germinate. Recent advances have suggested that phytochromes also act as temperature sensors, as warmer temperatures enhance their de-activation. They are sensitive to light in the red and far-red region of the visible spectrum and can be classed as either Type I, which are activated by far-red light, or Type II that are activated by red light. Phytochromes are a class of photoreceptor in plants, bacteria and fungi used to detect light. Oat phytochrome absorption spectrum (Devlin, 1969)
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